Belt conveyors are widely used in coal, slag, powder and other production lines due to their simple structure, large transportation capacity, strong adaptability, low energy consumption, and long service life. Due to the characteristics of high friction and high wear in the conveying material, the belt conveyor often has some failures in actual work, which affects the smooth progress of the entire production process. Today, the editor summarized the faults that are easy to occur in the belt conveyor work and the corresponding solutions, hoping to bring you some help.
1. The belt conveyor sounds abnormal
When the belt conveyor is working normally, the noise is generally very small, and a big abnormal noise suddenly appears.
Coupling
Possible Causes:
The bearing is damaged;
The roller is seriously eccentric;
The failure of the coupling caused the drive device and the redirection device to rattle.
Solution:
Replace damaged bearings in time;
Replace the roller in time;
Replace the coupling in time.
2. Belt conveyor broken accident
Possible Causes:
Caused by normal wear and tear of long-term belt operation;
The blockage of large materials causes the tension of the tape to suddenly increase, causing the tape to break;
Belt deviation caused by belt tearing and broken belt.
Solution:
Frequently overhaul and maintain the belt conveyor to prevent large pieces of material from blocking the belt;
When selecting belts, use good quality belts;
Repair the damaged funnel in time to prevent the material from hitting the belt and causing damage.
3. Belt slippage
Possible Causes:
The initial belt tension is insufficient, causing the belt to slip;
There is too much dust in the tail of the belt conveyor, and the resistance is too large to cause slippage.
Solution:
Increase the initial tension of the belt (this can be achieved by adjusting the belt tensioning device);
Reduce the single carrying capacity of the belt conveyor;
Replace with a more powerful drive motor.
4. Belt deviation
Belt deviation is the most common phenomenon encountered in the working process of belt conveyors. Once the belt deviation occurs on the belt conveyor, it will cause material spreading and serious belt wear, which will affect the normal production of the production line, and the belt and frame will be more serious. Severe friction softens the belt or even burns, causing a fire, causing casualties to staff.
Reasons for deviation:
The center of the nose, tail, and middle frame is no longer in the same straight line, causing deviation;
The incorrect installation position of the drum causes the belt to run off the drum;
Belt deviation caused by improper and uneven joints of belt conveyors (often occurring at the joints of belts);
Misalignment caused by improper roller frame or loose screw fixing the roller frame on the roller frame;
Deviation caused by long-term wear and damage of the conveyor belt;
Belt deviation caused by unbalanced load;
Deviation caused by material impact.
Solution:
Adjust the center lines of the nose, tail and middle frame so that they are in the same straight line;
Adjust the installation position of the drum so that its axis is perpendicular to the longitudinal centerline of the belt and parallel to the horizontal plane;
Cut improper belt joints to ensure that the joints are upright and peaceful;
Rectify the roller frame so that its error is controlled within the allowable deviation. Tighten the loose bolts;
Strengthen the dimensional inspection of the belt, repair or replace the damaged belt in time;
Adjust the material guide trough, adjust the height and size of the material, or install a material buffer device.
5. Sprinkle
Spreading of belt conveyors is a common problem, and the reasons are many.
Reasons for sprinkling:
Wandering and spreading material. The height of the two edges of the belt changes during operation, one side is high, the other side is low, and the material is scattered from the low side;
Spreading at the transfer point (mainly in the blanking hopper, guide trough, etc.). For example, the belt conveyor is seriously overloaded, and the rubber skirt of the guide groove of the belt conveyor is damaged. The steel plate at the guide groove is designed to be far from the belt and the rubber skirt is longer to make the material rush out of the guide groove;
Sprinkle when the concave section of the belt is suspended. In the concave section of the belt interval, when the concave section has a small curvature radius, the belt will be suspended. At this time, the belt groove situation will change because the belt has left the grooved idler group. Generally, the groove angle becomes smaller and some materials are scattered.
Solution:
Adjust the deviation of the belt;
Control the transportation capacity and strengthen maintenance;
In the design stage, a larger radius of curvature of the concave section should be used as much as possible to avoid such situations.
In the daily use process, the failure of the belt conveyor should be scientifically analyzed to find out specific countermeasures. And the correct maintenance and maintenance of the belt conveyor can effectively guarantee the safe operation of the belt conveyor.
