The characteristics of directly adding nano-carbon materials are summarized as follows:
①The sample preparation process is relatively simple and easy to operate;
②Nano-carbon materials are easy to react with antioxidants in refractory products, which promotes the appearance of some high-temperature ceramic phase whiskers, and further increases refractory materials The mechanical properties of the product;
③Compared with flake graphite, the nano-carbon materials sold on the market have different degrees of defects and are easily oxidized during high-temperature use, which has lost the original effect of increasing the toughness of refractories;
④ If the amount of nano-carbon materials added is too large, agglomeration is likely to occur in refractory products, which will cause a certain degree of adverse effects on the performance of refractory materials;
⑤The price of nano-carbon materials is expensive, which increases the production cost of refractory products. Benefit bears certain risks.
The characteristics of in-situ generation of carbon nanomaterials are summarized as follows:
①The process of preparing samples is more complicated than the process of directly adding carbon nanomaterials. It is necessary to modify the catalyst or phenolic resin;
②The added catalyst also catalyzes the refractory material. For example, the appearance of MgO whiskers further improves the mechanical properties of refractories;
③The morphology of the in-situ synthesized carbon nanomaterials is affected by the type and amount of catalysts, and is not a single morphology; ④Inorganic catalysts are more catalytic than organic catalysts. The particle size is too high, the catalytic effect is not as good as that of organic catalysts, and in refractory products, the degree of dispersion is not good, and it is easy to agglomerate locally;
⑤Organic catalysts have smaller particle diameters than inorganic catalysts and have slightly better catalytic effects However, organic catalysts are easy to volatilize in the process of high temperature and form a certain amount of gas, which increases the porosity of refractory materials, which is not conducive to the maintenance of refractory volume density;
⑥In-situ generation of nano-carbon materials, the catalytic mechanism of different catalysts is slightly Different;
⑦The catalyst for in-situ growth of carbon nanomaterials decomposes in the high temperature process, and the final product has a certain influence on the refractoriness of the refractory.
The direct addition method and the in-situ growth method compare two different methods of introducing carbon nanomaterials. Although the in-situ growth of carbon nanomaterials still has certain problems that have not been solved, the dispersion uniformity is better than the direct addition method. , And the production cost is low, the operability is high, and the majority of scholars show more enthusiasm for the in-situ growth method. Currently, the main catalysts for in-situ growth of nano-carbon materials are mainly divided into
① nano-metal single particles; ② transition metal nitrates; ③ transition metal organic compounds; ④ nano transition metal oxides.
On the whole, the catalysts for in-situ generation of carbon nanomaterials are all single catalysts, not composite catalysts, such as nano-alloy particles; transition metal nitrate mixtures; organic and inorganic composite catalysts. As research continues to deepen, we hope to solve The current insufficiency of in-situ nano-carbon material growth methods further improves the performance of refractory materials, thereby creating more favorable conditions for the production of low-carbon steel and clean steel.
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