The history of zinc
Zinc is one of the elements whose compounds have been known to humans since ancient times. The first country in the world to discover and use zinc is China. The English name of zinc and the chemical symbol Zn are derived from the Latin Zincum, which means "white thin layer" or "white sediment".
Jiajing Tongbao back five coins-brass coins in ancient times were the first to be used by people in the ancient times is the alloy made of zinc ore and copper-brass. The acquisition of metallic zinc is much later than copper, iron, tin, and lead. It is generally believed to be due to the fact that when carbon and zinc ore supply heat, the temperature quickly rises to over 1000°C, while the boiling point of zinc is 906°C, so zinc becomes The vapor state, lost with smoke, is not easy to be noticed by ancient people. Only when people have mastered the method of condensing gas, elemental zinc can be obtained.
The earliest zinc smelting technology in the world was recorded in "Heavenly Creations" by Song Yingxing in the late Ming Dynasty. The production process is very simple. Fill the calamine (side zinc ore) in a clay pot, seal it, pile it into a cone, fill the gap between the pot with charcoal, and break the pot to obtain the extracted metallic zinc. ingot. In addition, Wang Lian (1888-1966), a pioneer in the history of chemistry and analytical chemistry in my country, analyzed ancient coins of the Tang, Song, Ming, and Qing Dynasties in 1956 and found that the Shaosheng coins of the Song Dynasty contained high zinc content and proposed that China The use of zinc began with the correct scientific conclusion during the Jiaqing period of the Ming Dynasty. The actual application of zinc may be earlier than the writing of Tiangong Kaiwu. In the 10th to 11th centuries, China was the first country to produce zinc on a large scale.
According to documentary records, India is the earliest country in the world to smelt zinc, dating back to 1025-1280 AD, and the method is the "high fire and low condensation" distillation method, which is completely opposite to China.
In 1745, the ship of the East India Company that sank off the coast of Sweden was confirmed to be carrying Chinese zinc. After analyzing the recovered ingots, it was found that they were almost pure metallic zinc.
Abundance
Zinc is the twenty-fourth element in the earth's crust and has five stable isotopes. The most common zinc-bearing ore is sphalerite, which is zinc sulfide. The largest mineable veins are located in Australia, Asia and the United States. Zinc minerals are refined by froth flotation, roasted and electro-refined.
Development status of zinc industry
Since 2000, China has been the world's largest producer and consumer of zinc. The development of China's lead and zinc industry has attracted the attention of the international lead and zinc industry. However, both the Chinese market and the global market are currently experiencing serious overcapacity problems. At present, my country's zinc industry urgently needs to adjust the industrial structure, strengthen technological innovation in the zinc industry, and accelerate the merger and reorganization of zinc enterprises. The development of the global zinc industry has so far reached its peak. With the slowdown of China's economic growth, the demand for zinc will gradually stabilize. In the future, the development of the zinc industry will also improve product quality and industrial structure through technical improvements.
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